Manual page for pr(1)
pr - print files
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/pr [+page]
[-column]
[-adFmrt]
[-e[char][gap]]
[-h header]
[-i[char][gap]]
[-l lines]
[-n[char][width]]
[-o offset]
[-s[char]]
[-w width]
[-fp]
[file...]
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr [+page]
[-column
|
-c column]
[-adFmrt]
[-e[char][gap]]
[-h header]
[-i[char][gap]]
[-l lines]
[-n[char][width]]
[-o offset]
[-s[char]]
[-w width]
[-fp]
[file...]
AVAILABILITY
/usr/bin/pr
SUNWcsu
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr
SUNWxcu4
DESCRIPTION
The
pr
utility
is a printing and pagination filter.
If multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted,
and written to standard output.
By default, the input is separated into
66-line pages, each with:
-
- a 5-line header that includes the page number, date, time and
the path name of the file
- a 5-line trailer consisting of blank lines
If standard output is associated with a terminal,
diagnostic messages will be deferred until the
pr
utility has completed processing.
When options specifying multi-column output are specified,
output text columns will be of equal width;
input lines that do not fit into a text column will be truncated.
By default, text columns are separated with at least one
blank character.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported.
In the following option descriptions,
column,
lines,
offset,
page,
and
width
are positive decimal integers;
gap
is a non-negative decimal integer.
Some of the option-arguments
are optional, and some of the option-arguments cannot be specified
as separate arguments from the preceding option letter.
In particular, the
-s
option does not allow the option
letter to be separated from its argument, and the options
-e,
-i,
and
-n
require that both arguments, if present, not be
separated from the option letter.
The following options are supported by both
/usr/bin/pr
and
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr:
- +page
-
Begin output at page number
page
of the formatted input.
- -column
-
Produce multi-column output that is arranged in
column
columns (default is 1) and is
written down each column in the
order in which the text is received from the input file.
This option should not be used with
-m.
The
-e
and
-i
options will be assumed for multiple text-column output.
Whether or not text columns are
produced with identical vertical lengths is unspecified,
but a text column
will never exceed the length of the page (see the
-l
option).
When used with
-t,
use the minimum number of lines to write the output.
- -a
-
Modify the effect of the
-column
option so that the columns are filled
across the page in a round-robin order
(for example, when
column
is 2, the first input line heads column 1,
the second heads column 2, the third is the second line in column 1,
and so forth).
- -d
-
Produce output that is double-spaced;
append an extra
NEWLINE
character following every
NEWLINE
character found in the input.
- -e[char][gap]
-
Expand each input
TAB
character to the next greater column position specified by the formula
n *gap+1,
where
n
is an integer
>0.
If
gap
is
0
or is omitted, it defaults to
8.
All
TAB
characters in the input will be expanded into the appropriate number of
SPACE
characters. If any non-digit character,
char,
is specified, it will be used as the input tab character.
- -f
-
Use a
FORMFEED
character for new pages, instead of the default behavior
that uses a sequence of
NEWLINE
characters.
Pause before beginning the first page if
the standard output is associated with a terminal.
- -h header
-
Use the string
header
to replace the contents of the
file
operand in the page header.
- -l lines
-
Override the 66-line default and reset the page length to
lines.
If
lines
is not greater than
the sum of both the header and trailer depths
(in lines),
pr
will suppress both the header and trailer, as if the
-t
option were in effect.
- -m
-
Merge files.
Standard output will be formatted so
pr
writes one line from each file specified by
file,
side by side into text columns of equal
fixed widths, in terms of the number of column positions.
Implementations support merging of at least nine
files.
- -n[char][width]
-
Provide
width-digit
line numbering (default for
width
is
5).
The number will occupy the first
width
column positions of each text column
of default output or each line of
-m
output.
If
char
(any non-digit character) is given, it will be appended to the line number
to separate it from whatever follows (default for
char
is a
TAB
character).
- -o offset
-
Each line of output will be preceded by offset <space>s.
If the
-o
option is not specified, the default offset is
0.
The space taken will be in addition to the output line width (see
-w
option below).
- -p
-
Pause before beginning each page if the
standard output is directed to a terminal
(pr
will write an
ALERT
character to standard error and wait for a
carriage-return character to be read on
/dev/tty).
- -r
-
Write no diagnostic reports on failure to open files.
- -s[char]
-
Separate text columns by the single character
char
instead of by the appropriate number of
SPACE
characters (default for
char
is the
TAB
character).
- -t
-
Write neither the five-line identifying header nor the five-line
trailer usually supplied for each page.
Quit writing after the last
line of each file without spacing to the end of the page.
- -w width
-
Set the width of the line to
width
column positions for multiple text-column output only.
If the
-w
option is not specified and the
-s
option is
not specified, the default width is
72.
If the
-w
option is not specified and the
-s
option is specified, the default width is
512.
-
For single column output, input lines will not be truncated.
/usr/bin/pr
The following options are supported by
/usr/bin/pr
only:
- -F
-
Fold the lines of the input file.
When used in multi-column mode (with the
-a
or
-m
options), lines will be folded to fit the current column's
width; otherwise, they will be folded to fit the
current line width (80 columns).
- -i[char][gap]
-
In output, replace
SPACE
characters with
TAB
characters wherever one or more adjacent
SPACE
characters reach column positions
gap+1,
2*gap+1,
3*gap+1,
and so forth.
If
gap
is
0
or is omitted, default
TAB
settings at every eighth column position are assumed.
If any non-digit character,
char,
is specified, it will be used as the output
TAB
character.
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr
The following options are supported by
/usr/xpg4/bin/pr
only:
- -F
-
Use a
FORMFEED
character for new pages, instead of the default behavior
that uses a sequence of
NEWLINE
characters.
- -i[char][gap]
-
In output, replace multiple
SPACE
characters with
TAB
characters wherever two or more adjacent
SPACE
characters reach column positions
gap+1,
2*gap+1,
3*gap+1,
and so forth.
If
gap
is
0
or is omitted, default
TAB
settings at every eighth column position are assumed.
If any non-digit character,
char,
is specified, it will be used as the output
TAB
character.
OPERANDS
The following operand is supported:
- file
-
A path name of a file to be written.
If no
file
operands are specified,
or if a
file
operand is
-,
the standard input will be used.
EXAMPLES
- 1.
-
Print a numbered list of all files in the current directory:
-
ls -a | pr -n -h "Files in $(pwd)."
- 2.
-
Print
file1
and
file2
as a double-spaced, three-column listing
headed by ``file list'':
-
pr -3d -h "file list" file1 file2
- 3.
-
Write
file1
on
file2,
expanding tabs to columns 10, 19, 28, ... :
-
pr -e9 -t <file1 >file2
ENVIRONMENT
See
environ.5
for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the
execution of
pr:
LC_CTYPE,
LC_MESSAGES,
LC_TIME,
TZ,
and
NLSPATH.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
- 0
-
Successful completion.
- >0
-
An error occurred.
SEE ALSO
expand.1
lp.1
environ.5
Created by unroff & hp-tools.
© by Hans-Peter Bischof. All Rights Reserved (1997).
Last modified 21/April/97
